tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-19803222.post116347852877580823..comments2024-03-18T01:45:45.724-06:00Comments on natural language processing blog: Any Stem Cell Research?halhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02162908373916390369noreply@blogger.comBlogger8125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-19803222.post-60552124325919494942010-01-25T08:32:25.928-07:002010-01-25T08:32:25.928-07:00Если кому интересно, лучший способ обезопасить чел...Если кому интересно, лучший способ обезопасить человека от назойливых телефонных звонков - купить <a href="http://www.jammer.su/" rel="nofollow">Подавитель связи</a>Anonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-19803222.post-75645593833398490232009-05-12T11:10:00.000-06:002009-05-12T11:10:00.000-06:00酒店經紀PRETTY GIRL 台北酒店經紀人 ,禮服店 酒店兼差PRETTY GIRL酒店公關 酒...酒店經紀PRETTY GIRL <A HREF="http://www.taipeilady.com/" REL="nofollow" TITLE="台北酒店經紀人">台北酒店經紀人</A> ,<A HREF="http://tw.myblog.yahoo.com/jw!qZ9n..6QEhhc0LkItOBm/" REL="nofollow" TITLE="禮服店">禮服店</A> 酒店兼差PRETTY GIRL<A HREF="http://www.mashow.org/" REL="nofollow" TITLE="酒店公關">酒店公關</A> 酒店小姐 彩色爆米花<A HREF="http://blog.xuite.net/jkl338801/blog/" REL="nofollow" TITLE="酒店兼職">酒店兼職</A>,酒店工作 彩色爆米花<A HREF="http://tw.myblog.yahoo.com/jw!BIBoU5SeBRs21nb_ajFpncbTqXds" REL="nofollow" TITLE="酒店經紀">酒店經紀</A>, <A HREF="http://mypaper.pchome.com.tw/news/thomsan/3/1310065116/20080905040949/" REL="nofollow" TITLE="酒店上班">酒店上班</A>,酒店工作 PRETTY GIRL<A HREF="http://tw.myblog.yahoo.com/jw!rybqykeeER6TH3AKz1HQ5grm/" REL="nofollow" TITLE="酒店喝酒">酒店喝酒</A>酒店上班 彩色爆米花<A HREF="http://mypaper.pchome.com.tw/news/jkl338801/" REL="nofollow" TITLE="台北酒店">台北酒店</A>酒店小姐 PRETTY GIRL<A HREF="http://www.mashow.org/" REL="nofollow" TITLE="酒店上班">酒店上班</A>酒店打工PRETTY GIRL<A HREF="http://www.tpangel.com/" REL="nofollow" TITLE="酒店打工">酒店打工</A>酒店經紀 彩色爆米花Anonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-19803222.post-1166254830005229422006-12-16T00:40:00.000-07:002006-12-16T00:40:00.000-07:00I think you're exactly right. Everyone who is in ...I think you're exactly right. Everyone who is in favor of Adult Stem Cell Research, would say yes to the question "Are you in favor of any stem cell research." It is bureaucracy trying to justify spending money, even if the people don't agree. If they do agree, great, do it. But don't use vague, misleading terms to trick them into it.Anonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-19803222.post-1163674852933551822006-11-16T04:00:00.000-07:002006-11-16T04:00:00.000-07:00(continued)in context:"her parents give her a hard...(continued)<BR/><BR/>in context:<BR/><BR/>"her parents give her a hard time because she wants to marry an American, and they're strict Hindus"<BR/>or something of the sort.<BR/><BR/>You're right that the previous "would like" phrasing makes the Specific American interpretation less plausible.Anonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-19803222.post-1163617864958550372006-11-15T12:11:00.000-07:002006-11-15T12:11:00.000-07:00It's all in the context, Hal. Consider "Should an...It's all in the context, Hal. Consider "Should any political refugee be granted asylum?" or "Should any frivolous lawsuit be given a hearing?" Stress certainly helps, but its complex, and different emphatic stresses on "any" could drive readings either way. <BR/><BR/>And while you may not want negation, the modal "should" is essentially providing the same service w.r.t. the syntax and semantics of "any". In fact, you only get the "some X" reading of "any X" in what are called "negative polarity contexts". Contrast "John ate anything" with the negative polarity example "John didn't eat anything". <BR/><BR/>As Hal notes, there's also complications from genericity. And sometimes it's hard to tell a generic from a hyperbolic universal. A statement like "John ate beans" can refer to a specific event, or it could refer to a generic state of being a bean-eater. For instance, you could say generically: "John ate beans as an infant, but hated them as a toddler" or specifically: "John ate beans for dinner Monday night, but not on Tuesday." The exercise is to substitute "anything" for "beans".<BR/><BR/>For those of you into translation, the even more interesting thing about negative polarity is that the rules vary by language, as do rules for stacking negations. <BR/><BR/>If you really like this kind of thing, check out my book on semantics; it covers these examples and dozens more, including interactions with negation, subject quantifiers, coordination, plurals (group and distributive), numerical modifiers, pied-piping, etc:<BR/><A HREF="http://www.amazon.com/Type-Logical-Semantics-Language-Speech-Communication/dp/0262531496" REL="nofollow">Type-Logical Semantics</A>, 1998, MIT Press.Anonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-19803222.post-1163613412906127422006-11-15T10:56:00.000-07:002006-11-15T10:56:00.000-07:00Interesting...I was hoping to find a solid example...Interesting...I was hoping to find a solid example that didn't contain a negation, though, as those always complicate scoping and quantification issues.<BR/><BR/>Re anon: I have a really hard time getting the "specific American" reading for that sentence, though perhaps I'm peculiar.halhttps://www.blogger.com/profile/02162908373916390369noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-19803222.post-1163576174171483602006-11-15T00:36:00.000-07:002006-11-15T00:36:00.000-07:00The 'any' can even be ommited: "she would like to ...The 'any' can even be ommited: "she would like to marry an American".<BR/><BR/>Does she have a specific American in mind or would she settle for anyone?Anonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-19803222.post-1163574682019362642006-11-15T00:11:00.000-07:002006-11-15T00:11:00.000-07:00Hi Hal,I fowarded this post to Lauri Karttunen who...Hi Hal,<BR/><BR/>I fowarded this post to Lauri Karttunen who I work with and he tells me...<BR/><BR/>The classical example illustrating this particular ambiguity is:<BR/><BR/> "I am not going to force you to marry anybody."<BR/><BR/>said by an exasperated father to a recalcitrant daughter.Anonymousnoreply@blogger.com